Caution must be used while using a highly stressed spring like constant force spring as it has an inherently limited fatigue life and its failure can result in harm to equipment or personnel. A constantforce spring is a spring for which the force it exerts over its range of motion is a constant. In reality, constant force springs do not provide a truly constant force and are constructed from materials which do obey hookes law. Every constant force spring is produced to provide a specific force which is exerted through the entire extension of the spring. Hookes law is a law of physics that states that the force f needed to extend or compress a spring by some distance x scales linearly with respect to that distancethat is, where k is a constant factor characteristic of the spring i. In one spatial dimension, we can describe relativistic constant forcing by. Constant force springs are ideal for applications that require a smooth range of motion and consistent load. Customers are invited to consult with hunter spring, who can formulate efficient and versatile custom spring and reel solutions. Constantforce belleville spring and an injection molding meltconveyance system incorporating such a spring as a seal spring. The constant force spring is an excellent device for applications where a constant load is required.
An ideal constantforce spring is a spring for which the force it exerts over its range of motion is a constant, that is, it does not obey hookes law. The constant force springs listed below are available in small quantities from our stocking. A constant applied force input will produce a constant deflection, y output. Constant force springs features its offer high force output with very small space requirements and its will providing a smooth, uniform load through its deflection. John evans sons is an international leader in constant force spring design and manufacturing. Optimization of nearconstant force springs subject to. The spring is used in a linear movement and produces almost constant force. An ideal constant force spring is a spring for which the force it exerts over its range of motion is a constant, that is, it does not obey hookes law. Constant force spring design and equations engineers edge. The constant force springs listed below are available in small quantities from our stocking distributor, stock drive products sdp, or in larger quantities direct from our factory. Torsion springs can be made out of round, rectangular or shaped wire. Generally constant force springs are constructed as a rolled ribbon of spring steel such that the spring. The drum diameter should be 10% to 20% larger than its natural inside diameter.
The spring is used in a linear movement and produces almost constant force throughout its deflection. When fitting on a bearing or conduit, the spring can be located using its own force providing that sufficient strip length remains on the bearing. The force fs is a restorative force and its direction is opposite hence the. Constant force mechanisms cfms have become a hot research topic in recent years. The spring is a prestressed strip of flat spring material. The spring constant represents the amount of force required to. As you can imagine, if you hold a massspringdamper system with a constant force, it will maintain a constant deflection from its datum position. Whether you need a stock spring or a spring designed for your application or project, our team will work with you to meet your spring needs.
It determines how much the spring resists because the larger k is, the larger force you get for a given x. The mass hung on the end of the rope m creates a force mg producing the extension of the. Experiment 9 spring constant aim to find the force constant. Our springs are available in a wide range of standard end fittings, or we can custom design an end fitting for your application. Lee spring offers stock constant force springs in four life cycle ranges. Constant force springs are a variety of extension springs.
Torsion spring design torsion springs exert a torque when they are twisted or deflected. If the mass is vertically pulled so that the spring is. We will assume the fractional static elongation is 0. Pdf constantforce belleville spring and an injection. Optimization of near constant force springs subject to mating uncertainty 3 fig.
Hookes law is a law of physics that states that the force f needed to extend or compress a spring by some distance x scales linearly with respect to that distancethat is, where k is a constant factor. Also known as a linear spring there are two types of constant force springs. Dec 31, 2010 constant force springs features its offer high force output with very small space requirements and its will providing a smooth, uniform load through its deflection. Constant force springs selection guide engineering360. Constant force compression springs will deflectcompress under a load. Assuming the rope obeys hookes law, a spring constant k can be defined for it using f kx. At constant force usa, our expectation is to exceed your expectation. In reality, constantforce springs do not provide a truly. If you apply an oscillating force to such a system, oscillations will result. The companys spring reels, power springs, and constant force springs can be used in many applications such as closing doors, counterbalancing, constant tension machine covers, and much more. To emphasize that x refers to the change in length of the spring we write f mg k. Here k is the spring constant, which is a quality particular to each spring, and x is the distance the spring is stretched or compressed. The spring torque and the length of the legs together create a force. F which represents force, k which is called the spring constant and measures how stiff and strong the spring is, and x is the distance the spring is stretched or compressed away from its equilibrium or rest position.
Constant force springs are also called clock springs. Constant force springs provide a smooth and efficient force for moving products in pop pointofpurchase slide trays, regardless of whether the trays are made of plastic, wire, or corrugated material. The spring is actuated in a pulling, linear motion with the deflection resistance originating from the materials. The distance between its original positionfree length and its loaded height is the distance traveled. We can also provide custom constant force springs, made to your specification. F s, the force of the spring is opposite the direction of. If a suitable load constant force spring can not be found, select a value one step higher and adjust using a counterweight on the mating load. Experiment 9 spring constant aim to find the force. A constant force, or clock spring, is a roll of prestressed strip which exerts a nearly constant restraining force to. It is called the force constant or the spring constant of the spring. To design constant force mechanisms based on this model, a designer must fig. Generally constantforce springs are constructed as a rolled ribbon of spring steel such that the spring is relaxed when it is.
Hence, the slope of the line will be equal to the spring constant k. They consist of a spiral of strip material with builtin curvature so. According to the newtons third law, the horizontal force f h equals to the spring force f s k x. The spring is usually not attached to storage drum and at least 1. Included are constant force spring assemblies, constant and variable force pusher springs shelf pushers, constant tension springs, clock. Constant force springs can be fitted in a number of ways and extended partly or completely. A constant force spring is usually mounted by first tightly wrapping it on a drum, then attaching the free end to the loading force such as in a counterbalance application. Constant force springs brackets for constant force. Definition constant force springs will deflect proportionally to the amount of force placed on it, based on the springs rate. When the strip is extended deflected the inherent stress resists the loading force, the same as a common extension spring, but at a nearly constant zero rate. Available in a variety of thickness, width, id, length and loads. Unlike conventional force control technology by using force sensor and controller, which leads to a complicated algorithm design and higher cost, the cfms can provide a near constant force output by using the property of mechanical structure.
Constant force springs provide a smooth and efficient force for moving products in pop pointofpurchase slide trays, regardless of whether the trays are made of plastic. Adaptable, strong and reliable, the reel retriever is a versatile, efficient device which offers counterbalance on any plane. Some of the many applications of constant force springs are in counterbalances, door closers, cable. Each spring is a roll of high yield type 301 stainless steel strip exerting a nearly constant restraining force to resist uncoiling. The spring is a prestressed strip of flat spring material which coils around a bushing or around successive layers of itself. The spring constant represents the amount of force required to stretch or compress a spring by a unit length. This constant force spring mechanism is intended to replace the soft spring 8 shown in figs. Variable force springs are recommended for applications where a stronger force is initially. The formulas below give good results for moderately stressed springs.
Constant force springs since the introduction of constant force springs to industry, design engineers have been using these components to solve problems requiring a constant force or torque. Improve the earthing and grounding on lead or aluminium sheaths and. Optimization of nearconstant force springs subject to mating. Our expectation is to provide you with a quality product, at a competitive price, when you need it.
Constant force belleville spring and an injection molding meltconveyance system incorporating such a spring as a seal spring. This dimension along with the load youll be placing on your spring will help you determine the constant force your spring will need to have. How to calculate a spring constant using hookes law dummies. The constant force spring consists of strip material, which has been shaped and pretensioned into a tightly wound roll.
Selfexplanatory by its name, a constant force spring requires nearly the same force, no matter how long the extension. When the strip is extended deflected the inherent stress resists the loading force, the. This type of spring is usually a coiled ribbon of spring steel used in counterbalancing applications, such as height adjustment for monitors, andyou guessed itclocks. Century spring is the leading manufacturer of constant force springs and motor springs. It determines how much the spring resists because the larger k is, the. Mw industries maryland precision spring location specializes in constant force springs and variable force springs, for many applications including pointofpurchase pop displays. Jul 19, 2016 constant force spring and power spring for medical duration. The spring is used in a linear movement and produces almost. Each spring is a roll of high yield type 301 stainless steel strip exerting a nearly constant restraining. Constantforce springs are a special variety of extension spring. The simplest constant force spring means is the extension spring which possesses high residual stresses forming a compact energy source. Spring type sash spring weight per each side coil spring length. A constant force, or clock spring, is a roll of prestressed strip which exerts a nearly constant restraining force to resist uncoiling. Us4208049a constant force spring powered exercising.